2026-03-11T22:37:58Z https://kagawa-u.repo.nii.ac.jp/oai

oai:kagawa-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:00003611 2023-10-17T06:07:11Z 1:58:321:424

イムノアフィニテーカラム‐HPLC法を用いた南アフリカ市販食品のアフラトキシンとオクラトキシンの汚染調査 Occurrence of aflatoxins and ochtatoxins in South African commercial foods by using immunoaffinity‐HPLC methods Mhlongo, Xolani Nkosikhona ムホォンゴ, コラニ ンコシコナ Mhlongo, Xolani Nkosikhona 川村, 理 カワムラ, オサム Kawamura, Osamu open access Sixty‐one samples consisting of cereals (barley, maize, oats, sorghum and wheat), nuts (almond, Brazil nut, cashew, hazel, macadamia, pecan and pistachio) and beans (red bean and cowpea bean) from local retails in Kwa‐Zulu Natal region, South Africa were analyzed for the presence of aflatoxins (AFs) and ochratoxins (OTs) by using immunoaffiniy‐HPLC methods. AFB1 was found in 12 samples (20%), the mean of positives was 9.28 µg/kg and the overall mean was 1.69 µg/kg. Six (86%) out of 7 macadamias were heavily contaminated with AFB1 (3.20〜44.56 µg/kg). All these 6 macadamias exceeded the limit of EU. Total AFs was found in 54 samples (89%), the mean of positives was 3.95 µg/kg and the overall mean was 3.59 µg/kg. Three (50%) out of 6 macadamias, which were heavily contaminated with AFB1, were beyond the limit of South African. Two (67%) out of 3 Brazil nuts were beyond the limit of South African. OTA was found in 7 cereals (11%), 6 oats and one wheat, the mean of positives was 0.32 µg/kg and the overall mean was 0.05 µg/kg. OTB was found in 17 samples (28%), the mean of positives was 1.45 µg/kg and the overall mean was 0.14 µg/kg. Nuts were not contaminated with OTA and OTB. Any samples were not exceeded the limit of EU. The samples beyond the regulation value were only two Brazil nuts and six macadamias, total 8 (13%) out of 61 samples. These results were indicated that the AFs and OTs contamination of the South African commercial food was not so terrible except some nuts, Brazil nuts and macadamias. あまりマイコトキシン汚染の報告ない南アフリカの市販食品61検体を収集し，イムノアフィニテーカラム‐HPLC法でAF類とOTAとOTBの汚染調査を行った。AFB1は，61検体中12検体（20%）から陽性検体平均で9.28 µg/kg，全検体平均で1.69 µg/kgを検出した．特にAFB1汚染がひどかったのがマカダミアで，7検体中6検体（86%）から3.20〜44.56 µg/kg，陽性検体平均で16.01 µg/kgのAFB1を検出した．これら6検体はすべてEUの基準値を超えていた．総AF汚染は，54検体（89%）から陽性検体平均で3.95 µg/kg，全検体平均で3.59 µg/kgを検出した．マカダミアの場合は，AFB1汚染がひどく6検体中3検体（50%）が南アフリカの総AFの基準値を超えていた．また，ブラジルナッツは，3検体中2検体（67%）が南アフリカの総AFの基準値を超えていた．以上の結果から，南アフリカ市販食品のAF類汚染に関しては，マカダミアのAFB1汚染とブラジルナッツの総AF汚染があるものの基準値を超えたのは8検体（13%）であり，一部のナッツを除けは，それほどひどくなかった． OTAは，61検体中7検体（11%，エン麦6検体，小麦1検体）から陽性検体平均で0.32 µg/kg，全検体平均で0.05 µg/kgの微量のOTAを検出した．ナッツや豆類からは検出されなかった．OTBは，17検体（28%）から陽性検体平均で1.45 µg/kg，全検体平均で0.14 µg/kgのOTBを検出した．ナッツからは検出されなかった．穀物のOTAは，陽性検体平均0.32 µg/kgで，EUの基準値の1/10程度であった．また，EUの基準値を超えている検体はなかった．これらの結果から，南アフリカ市販食品は，微量なオクラトキシン汚染はあるものもほぼ問題のないと考えられた． 香川大学農学部 2018-02-28 jpn departmental bulletin paper VoR https://kagawa-u.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/3611 120007012790 https://agriknowledge.affrc.go.jp/RN/2010921230 AN00038339 0368-5128 香川大学農学部学術報告 Technical bulletin of Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University 70 123 7 13 https://kagawa-u.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/3611/files/AN00038339_070_L007.pdf application/pdf 399.7 kB 2020-12-14