Changing surface water in the Bengal Delta, observed by satellite remote sensing analysis and people's perception

Huda, Nazmul; フダ, ナズムル; Huda, Nazmul

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Changing surface water in the Bengal Delta, observed by satellite remote sensing analysis and people's perception

https://kagawa-u.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/9570

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Item type

学位論文 / Thesis or Dissertation(1)

公開日

2022-05-02

タイトル

Changing surface water in the Bengal Delta, observed by satellite remote sensing analysis and people's perception

言語

eng

資源タイプ

資源タイプ識別子

http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06

資源タイプ

doctoral thesis

その他（別言語等）のタイトル

その他のタイトル

人工衛星によるリモートセンシングと地域住民の認知に関する調査に基づいたベンガルデルタにおける表層水の変化に関する研究

言語

アクセス権

open access

アクセス権URI

http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2

著者

Huda, Nazmul

ja	Huda, Nazmul
ja-Kana	フダ, ナズムル
en	Huda, Nazmul

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抄録

内容記述タイプ

Abstract

内容記述

Floods and waterlogging jeopardize the Bengal Delta nations due to the exposed geographical position, prognosticate climate change impact, and existing vulnerable socio‐economic conditions. In addition, regular cyclones, and convective storms swell the ground damage from inundation. The Bengal delta is situated in South Asia, posits the Bay of Bengal to the south and the Himalayas to the north. Bangladesh covers around 60% of the delta, which has a long history of suffering from floods, waterlogging, and cyclones. Thus, the present investigations target three locations of Bangladesh that represents the Bengal Delta – (a) to detect monsoon inundation and waterlogging between 2000 and 2017 based on Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data in upper reaches of the Bengal Delta, (b) to illustrate consistent, seasonal, and annual changes of surface water between 1972 and 2020 based on Landsat (LS) data in the southwestern part of the delta, (c) to estimate waterlogging on physical settlement generated from natural disasters based on the spatial analysis in the coastal areas of the Delta, and (d) to integrate people’s perception with remote sensing investigations. For remote sensing analysis, the studies relied on MODIS and LS satellite reflectance data. The studies combined existing water detection indices and upgraded Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI)≤0.1, and Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI)>0.0 equal water from band‐3 (459–479nm) of MODIS and green and near‐infrared bands of LS observations. Studies also used the elevation, GIS, small atlas, rainfall, population, and aquaculture information from reliable sources. People’s perceptions were collected through in‐depth interviews, Key Informant Interview (KII), Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Four field visits between 2019 and 2021 have been ensured for collecting the ground‐truth land cover information, gathering people’s perceptions, and observing the existing inundation, waterlogging, and water management. Studies found that waterlogging is significantly associated with prolonged monsoon floods and local post‐monsoon rainfall in the upper reaches of the Delta. Two types of flooding – (1) riverine flood during monsoon, and (2) prolonged inundation or waterlogging flood during post‐monsoon were reported that affected people’s livelihood, production, food insecurity, and migration. However, immense seasonality of surface water since 2002 due to human intervention was revealed in the southwest of the Delta. The time‐series investigation identified around 5.5% of surface water between 1972– 2001, which increased to 12.8% between 2002 and 2020 in SWB. And around 6% of surface water was observed in the 1990s, which increased to 16% in the 2010s. The average surface water was detected around 6% and 7% in December and January between 1972 and 2001, which expanded to 18% and 19% between 2002 and 2020. In addition, the effect of two cyclones, and one convective storm between 2007 and 2019, it is revealed that cyclone Sidr in 2007 generated a 9.6% high‐risk waterlogging zone of a coastal district of Bangladesh that is around 220.9 sq. km. A total of 2,283 cluster investigations revealed that around 78 clusters in 2007, 81 in 2012, 35 in 2019 were identified as high‐risk waterlogging mauzas generated from cyclones and storm in the inland and coastal regions of the Delta.

言語

抄録

内容記述タイプ

Abstract

内容記述

Five types of surface water were identified in the Bengal Delta– (i) perennial, (ii) ephemeral, (iii) prolonged, (iv) seasonal, and (v) preserved water. Ephemeral, seasonal, and prolonged water were detected in the Brahmaputra basin, the northern part of the Delta. The source of the ephemeral water was the seasonal inundation during the monsoon, while prolonged monsoon and local rainfall generated prolonged and seasonal water. The perennial, seasonal, and preserved water was detected in the south of the Delta. Maintaining enclosed farming systems has been expanding the perennial and prolonged surface water since 2001. While century‐long hydrological interventions are responsible for expanding prolonged and seasonal surface water.

言語

抄録

内容記述タイプ

Abstract

内容記述

The credibility of the studies is exploring a monsoon inundation index for MODIS dataset, recommending, months to be considered, for LS dataset, and to initiate waterlogging risk estimation, even in a small area of interest, for future studies that would involve LULC and surface water detection investigations in the Bengal Delta and similar regions. A distinctive aspect of the studies is to verify, utilize, and present the ground reality from the sociological point of view. Based on the reliability and validity point of view, the recommendations and suggestions are highly confident. Based on the climate change scenario, studies reviewed siltation, hydrometeorological disasters, arsenic, salinity, sea‐level rise, temperature, and rainfall as major challenges to maintain the sustainability of the surface water in the Bengal Delta. Thus, further suggesting sustainable land‐use practices to reduce the knowledge gap of the land‐user for proper adaptation with ongoing surface water spatiality. The results of the studies might be useful for the Bangladesh Delta Plan (BDP) 2100 that is under review to attain a safe, climate‐resilient prosperous Delta. It might also be helpful for water and disaster management in the Bengal Delta and similar areas.

言語

学位名

言語

学位名

博士（工学）

学位授与機関

識別子Scheme

kakenhi

識別子

16201

言語

機関名

香川大学

言語

機関名

Kagawa University

学位授与年月日

2022-03-24

学位授与番号

甲第159号

権利

言語

権利情報

This research was supported by the “Fellowship grants of 2018–2019 Fiscal Year (3rd Round) for Higher Education and Research in ICT”, ICT Division, Ministry of Posts, Telecommunication and Information Technology, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh; The 8th Precipitation Measurement Mission (PMM) and the 2nd Research Announcement on the Earth Observation (EORA) by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), and; the Grants‐in‐aid for scientific research (20H02252 and 20H01523), by JSPS.

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2023-05-15 10:23:31.666543

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